Group+1

Amy Pacheco, Emma Noriega, and Jacqueline

Jacqueline Melchor Terms 1.**Social Organizations**- is the structure of social relations within a group, usually the relations between its subgroups and institutions. 2.**Urbanism**- it is a unique social world that is measured by their number of residents and population density. A large city. 3.**Cultural conventions**- are the taken for granted rules and agreed upon assumptions that make social activity possible. It includes the stable use of well defined language and terminology; standarized materials, tools and technology,rituals of participation, etc. For example: Digital video recorders, cords, concert venues and multi plex cinemas. A novelist does not need to program their own word processing software and a jazz musician does not need to built their own brass instruments. __**Reflective Theory of Culture**__- The way popular culture reflects society, social order, and cultural production.
 * 1) __Technological Constraints__- The technological limitations of how a product is produced and distributed to the public. For instance, Grazian explains that in the early 19th century records were limited to three minutes of music on each side of the disc, which set the standard of today’s music industry with songs ranging from 3-4 minutes.
 * 2) __Organizational Apparatus__- How popular culture regulates the production and distribution of products like music, film, books, and television. For example, thousands of music recordings are made each year, but only a portion of those tracks actually receive media promotion. Promotion and distribution is determined by meeting the demand for audience’s music preference.
 * 3) __Legal System-__ Regulators of the whole production & distribution process. An example would be, Copyright Laws.


 * __Cultural Production__-** The creation, distribution, and consumption of cultural products. The products can have different meanings or interpretations depending on the consumer’s experiences or values.

Ex. Native American men who like Hollywood Western movies; it derives their principles
 * Interpretive Communities**- People base their consumption or ideologies from their experiences or social settings. Audiences draw on their personal memories of as consumers who share social identities and backgrounds. They share understandings of culture in pattern.


 * Folk Culture**- the combination of customs, values, and traditions with different ethnic groups that are passed down orally from generation to generation.


 * Mass Culture**- Results from the influence of media, which sets a standard of values and beliefs for the mass population. For example, some people follow the mainstream without regard that they're being influenced.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folk_culture

"Commercial culture and all its trappings: movies, television, radio, cyberspace, advertising, toys, nearly any commodity available for purchase, many forms of art, photography, games, and even group "experiences" like collective comet-watching or rave dancing on ecstasy."
 * Popular Culture**- Started in the Nineteenth Century, it is a set of beliefs and values shared by segments of communities in society. It is the culture of the working class people or common people. It is equivalent to the term mass culture, because they are both influenced by the mass media. The totality of ideas created by profit firms that are made within the mainstream of society. Pop Culture happens everyday, for instance, the different type of styles that people wear.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_culture

http://www.answers.com/topic/popular-culture

http://www2.ucdsb.on.ca/athens/popculture/Whatpc.htm

http://english.berkeley.edu/Postwar/pop.html

Jacqueline Melchor

**__Rituals and Experiences of Solidarity__**- social solidarity occurs in response to external conflict. It has shaped in time, patterns of intensity, rapid shift, and gradually declines that sweep people at one moment and bring them back down at another. Conflict produces solidarity and 9\11 gives an opportunity to study the process.

http://www.scribd.com/doc/34018457/Collins-Rituals-Solidarity-Terrorist-Attack


 * __Public Reflection__**- Spotlighted stories provide resources for reflecting on the social world and the human experience.(Grazian).

Arnold Schwarzenegger

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__**Ritual of Rebellion**-__ Rituals, which are a form of expression from the lower status tribal members to criticize or make fun of the leaders that ultimately brings a sense of solidarity within the group. (Grazien) []

Study Guide Question Jacqueline **What is ‘mass culture’ and when did this term surface in our history? *(Marisa Gloria)Mass Culture is what is favored by the popular group through the media. It was was influence and presented by both Europe and the United States. ** In the book it explains how mass culture is the result from the influence of media, which sets a standard of values and beliefs for the mass population. An easier explanation would be it is a set of values and ideas the people get through exposure from the influence of the media. This term became recognized in the 19th century. **What makes pop culture ‘popular’? ** The media, radio, television, famous people make pop culture popular. Pop culture is created by media and internet etc. It is popular because the mass makes this pop culture that people don’t realize that they are driven to this by the mass media throughout any mainstream society. **How is popular culture a ‘collective activity’? ** Popular culture is a collective activity because it takes different directors, musicians, sound mixers which are different art worlds combined to become one for example to become one Britney Spears. She did not come up with every single one of her songs and made every single piece of it, she used different people for different things that had to be done not only for a song but for the CD cover and the video shoot etc. Everything is made with ones perspective then that’s when the other person can also relate to it and expand that thought. So basically it is a collective activity because of all the different collaborations.

Terms for Study- Emma

25.- Collaborative Circles. Collective worlds of creativity among friends,meetings, discussions, debates and arguments provide a an opportunity for the development of thoughts and ideas, sharing styles and techniques as artists does, evaluating each other's works. ex: During the 1920s a group of expatriate writers in Paris, Ernest Hemingway, Gertrude Stein, James Joyce, Ezra Pound, and F. Scott Fitzgerald, constantly shared ideas while drinking carafes of wine in cafes, hotels, studio apartments.

26.- Crafts vs. art. When making art one relies on aesthetic skill and judgment to produce a genuine articulation of one's individuality, creativity and unique vision. ex: abstract painting, avant-garde poetry, or performance art. In contrast, crafts refer to similarly creative endeavors performed for the purposes of making useful object or providing a specific service. ex: pastry chefs, shipbuilders, TV cameramen.

27.- Aesthetics.- Refers to how we communicate and express through the senses.ex. for artistic creators their expressive vision is in the interest of satisfying the mainstream tastes of consumers.

28.- Boundary Spanners.- are personnel responsible for making connections between individual artists and corporate media firms. Some if these boundary spanners are managers, agents or other emissaries representing creative personnel.